St Andrews Castle
圣安德鲁斯城堡

St Andrews Castle
圣安德鲁斯城堡

St Andrews Castle was the home of the bishops of St Andrews. The site has been fortified since at least the 1190s. However, most of what we see today was built between 1380 and 1560. St Andrews Castle was the scene of major events in Scottish history. In 1452 the future King James III was born here. Nearly a century later, in 1546, one of the most powerful men in Scotland, Cardinal David Beaton, was murdered in the Castle by a group of Protestant noblemen. The Cardinal's assassins then occupied St Andrews Castle for over a year. They eventually surrendered when bombarded by ships sent from France. During the 1546-47 siege, attacking forces tried to capture the Castle by mining under the walls. The resulting mine still survives, and is the best preserved sixteenth-century siege mine in Europe.

圣安德鲁斯城堡是圣安德鲁斯的主教们的住宅。圣安德鲁斯城堡至少早在1190年已经存在了。然而,我们今天所看到的城堡的大部分是在1380年和1560年之间建造的。圣安德鲁斯城堡见证了苏格兰历史上的重大事件。1452年, 国王詹姆斯三世出生在这里。在大约一个世纪后的1546年, 苏格兰最有权势的人之一,红衣主教大卫•比顿在城堡被一群新教贵族谋杀。随后刺客们占据城堡圣安德鲁斯城堡长达一年。最终，在受到法国军舰的炮击后，他们投降了。在1546年到1547年之间, 攻击城堡的部队试图通过在墙下挖洞来攻占城堡。当时所挖的洞至今依然存在并且是欧洲保存最好的16世纪攻城地道。

Audio 1 - Richard Fawcett on the significance of the St Andrews Castle
Audio 2 - Katie Stevenson on Walter Bower's account of medieval activities in the St Andrews Castle
Audio 3 - Michael Brown on John Knox's account of the bombardment of the St Andrews Castle in 1547

音频 1 - 理查德·福塞特讲述圣安德鲁斯城堡的意义
音频 2 - 凯蒂·史蒂文森讲述沃尔特·鲍尔描述中世纪发生在圣安德鲁斯城堡在的活动
音频 3 - 迈克尔·布朗讲述约翰诺克斯描述圣安德鲁斯城堡于1547年遭受的炮击

Video - Interior and exterior of St Andrews Castle reconstructed by the Open Virtual Worlds Group (Narration by Katie Stevenson)
视频 - 圣安德鲁斯城堡内部与外部的虚拟重建 - 由开放虚拟世界组制作（凯蒂·史蒂文森叙述)

2015/6/7

English/中文