50 10 568 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/1/387/pictish-snake-symbol1.jpg 0e3155b5c898c4d8e6f02874a53570d7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Snake Description An account of the resource The serpent or snake, is thought to be a symbol of medicine and healing, although this is unknown. The snake symbol can also be found with a Z-rod through it. Pictish Symbols https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/451/SONY_DVD_RECORDER_VOLUME-Title1.mp4 d86ed43c32612453330996ad82862483 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource SONY_DVD_RECORDER_VOLUME-Title1.mp4 Broadlands Farm https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/668/SouthCourt.mp3 0f93fab69e860799e33e781971b31e84 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/668/southCourt2.JPG 278aea809c1db9a20258b7bd0df93637 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/668/southCourt.JPG d7036d673e3f131c02c81041f5cc762a https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/668/southCourtGeddy.PNG 5af03a6413f1c6d5ecd1c499790d612c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Virtual Exhibition of Medieval St Andrews 中世纪圣安德鲁斯的虚拟展示 Description An account of the resource Text description, images, audios, videos and location information of historical sites in St Andrews. The descriptions are written in English and Chinese. 这是一个圣安德鲁斯历史遗迹的集合，包含了历史遗迹的文本信息，位置信息，图片，音频以及视频，文本信息包含中英文双语。 Language A language of the resource English/中文 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Jun 4, 2015 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource South Court 南区 Description An account of the resource South Court is on the site of some of the oldest dwellings in St Andrews. The burgh of St Andrews was formally founded in the middle of the twelfth century when the local bishop invited settlers from England and continental Europe to establish a new town. The first provost of St Andrews (the Scottish equivalent of a mayor) was a man called Mainard who seems to have come from Flanders. Mainard was granted three "tofts" (or homesteads) on the south side of the road now known as South Street. These properties formed the nucleus of the medieval city of St Andrews. The current buildings at South Court are thought to date from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. 南区拥有一些圣安德鲁斯最古老的民居。圣安德鲁斯镇成立于大约十二世纪中叶。圣安德鲁斯主教邀请从英国和欧洲大陆来的移民者在这建立新的城镇。圣安德鲁斯镇的第一个镇长是一位可能来自佛兰德斯名叫梅娜德的人。梅娜德被授予南街的三个宅地。这些宅地形成了中世纪圣安德鲁斯的核心。现在南区的建筑被认为可以追溯到16和17世纪。 Audio - Elizabeth Rhodes on the significance of South Court 音频 - 伊丽莎白·罗兹讲述南区的意义 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015/6/7 Language A language of the resource English/中文 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/3/202/SouthCourt.mp3 0f93fab69e860799e33e781971b31e84 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Medieval Burgh of St Andrews Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource SouthCourt.mp3 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/1/393/BainSpirals.jpg e3a6d1bc9432eeaab736421a8115c42e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spirals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Vector image created from George Bain book, Celtic Art. Subject The topic of the resource A spiral is a curve which emanates from a central point, getting progressively farther away as it revolves around the point. Description An account of the resource The noble spirals of Aberlemno, Shandwick, Tarbat, Hilton of Cadboll, Nigg the Tara Brooch, and the Ardagh chalice led the way to the great art of the scribes, who produced the supreme masterpieces of the world’s decoration of books, profusely embellished with spiral art. The few survivors of a great artistic period, the books of Durrow, Kells, Lindisfarne and St. Chad will shed a light for future generations upon the greatness of the art and the other cultures of the Picts and the Briton. - George Bain - Celtic Art, The methods of Construction. George Bain Groam House Pictish Symbols https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/458/Splash_Page.jpg bdaebec4d3e7385263b64b7da6b14ab9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Splash Page.jpg Broadlands Farm https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/Castle.mp3 d1a67c99fd6497b492fc950de235d6cd https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/Castle2.mp3 2a22ffb6e61220bba056eb7d7ef389be https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/CastleJohnKnoxAccountOfWhatHappened.mp3 17785b6d056f6dc4ab3325c8ebee9740 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/Castle.1.mp4 3a4b0f6c53984a318e89f2131429791d https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/castle5.JPG eacd0ce49a90e9afbd3a77cee9c0bcc8 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/castle6.JPG 743c95652631862feb688f3a86c5c918 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/stAndrewsCastleMine.jpg b6d28ca5599103066ed5d9c17a389f00 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/Castle_1.JPG b8fa39c35d0673dd6a602bfed09ac023 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/Castle_2.JPG ed17246f433421d0cf1d55aa0a9b9bb1 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/Castle_3.JPG 5a70dc32073c5bf21fe4ea8f29f93a5a https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/drawingOfCastle.jpg dee9576b6bc959705b9c7a20d33db457 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/Castle_4.jpg 1ad66ad20fd7b3e30c0d2ab54e174004 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/musaBlackObject.jpg ecd16d9890c7d0c723d069fccfaaa666 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/castlereconstruction1.jpg c15eeb1bcba4c9e41554620006d004ec https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/castlereconstruction2.jpg 739bc94c234de916a279ceca4f2006a0 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/658/castlereconstruction3.jpg aa65d942d2a766d1223b0518927fba44 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Virtual Exhibition of Medieval St Andrews 中世纪圣安德鲁斯的虚拟展示 Description An account of the resource Text description, images, audios, videos and location information of historical sites in St Andrews. The descriptions are written in English and Chinese. 这是一个圣安德鲁斯历史遗迹的集合，包含了历史遗迹的文本信息，位置信息，图片，音频以及视频，文本信息包含中英文双语。 Language A language of the resource English/中文 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Jun 4, 2015 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St Andrews Castle 圣安德鲁斯城堡 Description An account of the resource St Andrews Castle was the home of the bishops of St Andrews. The site has been fortified since at least the 1190s. However, most of what we see today was built between 1380 and 1560. St Andrews Castle was the scene of major events in Scottish history. In 1452 the future King James III was born here. Nearly a century later, in 1546, one of the most powerful men in Scotland, Cardinal David Beaton, was murdered in the Castle by a group of Protestant noblemen. The Cardinal's assassins then occupied St Andrews Castle for over a year. They eventually surrendered when bombarded by ships sent from France. During the 1546-47 siege, attacking forces tried to capture the Castle by mining under the walls. The resulting mine still survives, and is the best preserved sixteenth-century siege mine in Europe. 圣安德鲁斯城堡是圣安德鲁斯的主教们的住宅。圣安德鲁斯城堡至少早在1190年已经存在了。然而,我们今天所看到的城堡的大部分是在1380年和1560年之间建造的。圣安德鲁斯城堡见证了苏格兰历史上的重大事件。1452年, 国王詹姆斯三世出生在这里。在大约一个世纪后的1546年, 苏格兰最有权势的人之一,红衣主教大卫•比顿在城堡被一群新教贵族谋杀。随后刺客们占据城堡圣安德鲁斯城堡长达一年。最终，在受到法国军舰的炮击后，他们投降了。在1546年到1547年之间, 攻击城堡的部队试图通过在墙下挖洞来攻占城堡。当时所挖的洞至今依然存在并且是欧洲保存最好的16世纪攻城地道。 Audio 1 - Richard Fawcett on the significance of the St Andrews Castle Audio 2 - Katie Stevenson on Walter Bower's account of medieval activities in the St Andrews Castle Audio 3 - Michael Brown on John Knox's account of the bombardment of the St Andrews Castle in 1547 音频 1 - 理查德·福塞特讲述圣安德鲁斯城堡的意义 音频 2 - 凯蒂·史蒂文森讲述沃尔特·鲍尔描述中世纪发生在圣安德鲁斯城堡在的活动 音频 3 - 迈克尔·布朗讲述约翰诺克斯描述圣安德鲁斯城堡于1547年遭受的炮击 Video - Interior and exterior of St Andrews Castle reconstructed by the Open Virtual Worlds Group (Narration by Katie Stevenson) 视频 - 圣安德鲁斯城堡内部与外部的虚拟重建 - 由开放虚拟世界组制作（凯蒂·史蒂文森叙述) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015/6/7 Language A language of the resource English/中文 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/407/Castle_1520_001.jpg c15eeb1bcba4c9e41554620006d004ec Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St Andrews Castle 1520 St Andrews Castle https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/Cathedral.mp3 7e0bac40458223c5af75225226b8bf46 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/CathedralAndReformation.mp3 a7e929d31815fe06521cb84542073e4e https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/CathedralChurch.mp3 b24822847e47352d343845b8d372f08d https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedralreconstruction.mp4 a431e5a84814db6d7498d6331bf4e507 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedral16.JPG cb2487e344d49bd6c387ac021376000e https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedral19.JPG ddef0c4faa10c7b8bc7d27b85f791e18 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedral4.JPG 656e9a3dac8251e27f7535a2c1922499 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedral5.JPG 86e305567a4cfa3fc9db514f3fbc477c https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedral3.jpg 531180154f2d14b254be728bcb0ffdcc https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedral10.JPG e6724b303bd4b059d8a4f5380c5d3337 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedral12.JPG b405bab47852c68f928971144ae1cf29 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/drawingOfCathedral.jpg 87feb456540cde608c79b0428f7155d3 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/imageOfCathedral.jpg 8a39baf49ad1e8d55adfdbdf3298dcba https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/paintingOfCathedral.jpg 75f6bb3e0b9c8ae149d812aa5377604c https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/musaCarvings.jpg 70fd08a081786385c11cadfed69a5d55 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedralExteriorReconstruction.jpg 8d07db9ca7caaa5b23a5570edfa65517 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedralExteriorReconstruction3.jpg 4f6b50c8ca73bab1965b9193448c3276 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/ReconstructionofStAndrewsCathedral.jpg 73188a0f40eb9087059f2097c8d4808a https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedralreconstruction10.jpg e1d461fba3c058647e0defa43bfc4d5f https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedralreconstruction1.jpg 8ce00f2bc9db899ed85cec9992a1af14 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/650/cathedralWestDoor.jpg 7baef5da72af3a9bababc3528927a557 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Virtual Exhibition of Medieval St Andrews 中世纪圣安德鲁斯的虚拟展示 Description An account of the resource Text description, images, audios, videos and location information of historical sites in St Andrews. The descriptions are written in English and Chinese. 这是一个圣安德鲁斯历史遗迹的集合，包含了历史遗迹的文本信息，位置信息，图片，音频以及视频，文本信息包含中英文双语。 Language A language of the resource English/中文 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Jun 4, 2015 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St Andrews Cathedral 圣安德鲁斯大教堂 Description An account of the resource St Andrews Cathedral was once the most important church in Scotland. It was the base for the country's senior bishopric and housed the relics of St Andrew (the nation's patron saint). For many centuries St Andrews Cathedral was the largest building in Scotland (it was only surpassed in the nineteenth century when Edinburgh's Waverley Station was built). During its long history the Cathedral suffered a number of disasters. In 1304 King Edward I of England stripped the lead from the roof to provide materials for his siege of Stirling Castle. Seventy years later, in 1378, a great fire damaged large portions of the Cathedral. Major restoration work was undertaken, and by the early fifteenth-century the church had been returned to its former glory. However, in 1559 the Scottish Reformation ended the Cathedral's religious function. The vast church rapidly became ruined and by 1690 it looked much as it does today. 圣安德鲁斯大教堂曾经是苏格兰最重要的教会，是苏格兰高级主教工作，生活的地点并且收藏了圣安德鲁的遗骸(苏格兰的守护神)。在过去的许多个世纪里，圣安德鲁斯大教堂是苏格兰最大的建筑(直到19世纪爱丁堡的威弗利火车站建成)。在漫长的历史中，大教堂屡次遭受灾祸。1304年，英格兰国王爱德华一世从教堂的屋顶剥下铅作为包围斯特灵城堡的材料。七十年后的1378年,一场大火摧毁了大教堂的大部分。随着主体修复工作的进行,十五世纪早期大教堂已经恢复了往日的荣耀。然而,在1559年，苏格兰的宗教改革结束了大教堂的宗教信仰功能。巨大的教堂被迅速毁坏, 到了1690年，大教堂的样子看起来就像如同今天所见。 Audio 1 - Richard Fawcett on St Andrews Cathedral Audio 2 - Roger Mason on the significance of the St Andrews Cathedral and the reformation Audio 3 - Katie Stevenson on the gale force wind at the St Andrews Cathedral in 1410 音频 1 - 理查德·福塞特对于圣安德鲁斯大教堂的描述 音频 2 - 罗杰·梅森讲述圣安德鲁斯大教堂和宗教改革的意义 音频 3 - 凯蒂·史蒂文森讲述1410年大风暴对于圣安德鲁斯大教堂的影响 Video 1 - Virtual world reconstruction of the cathedral (By the department of Computer Science, University of St Andrews) 视频 - 圣安德鲁斯大教堂的虚拟重建 - 由圣安德鲁斯计算机系制作 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015/6/2 Language A language of the resource English/中文 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/655/StLeonards.mp3 2b9299a03e1cbf0f4ad99b6dd8952e8f https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/655/TreasuresOfTheLibraryStatutesofStLeonardsCollege.mp4 d0c3d483e83c5324d7fa2a2f5cbca048 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/655/stLeonardsCollege3.JPG 7b46c23d7f343c5b6b78cf1c637b6eb0 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/655/stLeonardsCollege.JPG f506b8d54f7d742b1fbd9380a4701857 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/655/stLeonardsCollege2.JPG cf095961330030857481183c78d1030b https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/655/stLeonardsCollege4.JPG 93b9543890fbc8276e0a741e11b76cb2 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/655/stLeonardsCollege5.JPG f03cb8940c344082b956c23c4563c5b3 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/655/stLeonardsDrawing.jpg 281478841dcd2be871aa8336f2272c51 https://openvirtualworlds.org/broadlands/files/original/11/655/stLeonardsCollegeGeddy.PNG c518b2cfcde7e04422198becea839bf5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Virtual Exhibition of Medieval St Andrews 中世纪圣安德鲁斯的虚拟展示 Description An account of the resource Text description, images, audios, videos and location information of historical sites in St Andrews. The descriptions are written in English and Chinese. 这是一个圣安德鲁斯历史遗迹的集合，包含了历史遗迹的文本信息，位置信息，图片，音频以及视频，文本信息包含中英文双语。 Language A language of the resource English/中文 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Jun 4, 2015 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St Leonard's Chapel 圣伦纳德礼拜堂 Description An account of the resource The origins of St Leonard's may go back as far as the twelfth century, when an (unnamed) hospital was referred to in a document concerning St Andrews Cathedral. By the mid thirteenth century a hospital dedicated to St Leonard was firmly established on the site now occupied by St Leonard's Chapel and School. Like most medieval hospitals St Leonard's primarily provided accommodation - in this case for pilgrims visiting the shrine of St Andrew. During the late Middles Ages the number of pilgrims visiting St Andrews declined, and in 1512 the hospital was converted into a university college for the education of "poor clerks". The College of St Leonard survived until the eighteenth century when it was amalgamated with St Salvator's College (on North Street). The university subsequently sold off most of St Leonard's buildings but retained ownership of the college chapel. The rest of the college buildings are now occupied by a boarding school. 圣伦纳德礼拜堂的起源可以追溯到十二世纪, 在一份关于圣安德鲁斯大教堂的文档中提到了一个没有名字的医院。十三世纪中叶，一个服务于圣伦纳德的医院建立在了现在是圣伦纳德教堂和学校的地方。像大多数中世纪医院一样，圣伦纳德医院为来圣安德鲁斯的朝圣者提供住宿。在中世纪后期，来圣安德鲁斯的朝圣者数量下降, 在1512年， 医院转变成了大学学院为穷人提供教育。圣伦纳德学院一直延续到十八世纪直到与圣萨尔瓦托学院合并(在北街)。圣安德鲁斯大学后来出售了圣伦纳德学院的大部分建筑物,但保留了大学礼拜堂。其余的学院建筑属于一所寄宿学校。 Audio - Christine McGalddery on the significance of St Leonards College in the University of St Andrews 音频 - 克里斯汀讲述圣伦纳德学院对于圣安德鲁斯大学的意义 Video - Brief account of the foundation and history of St Leonards College (Courtesy: University of St Andrews Special Collection) 视频 - 简单介绍圣伦纳德学院的起源和历史(感谢： :圣安德鲁斯大学特殊收藏) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015/6/6 Language A language of the resource English/中文