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                    <text>In the Ethnographic Open-Air museum of Latvia visitors have an opportunity to get acquainted with 118 objects of ancient dwelling from all four regions of Latvia – Vidzeme, Latgale, Kurzeme and Zemgale. Here it is possible to explore the traditional life style monuments of Latvians and other ethnic groups, which historically resided in Latvia, from the 17th century to the mid 20th century. All these are exhibited in the 87 ha area. &#13;
&#13;
Latvijas Etnogrāfiskajā Brīvdabas muzejā var iepazīties ar 118 senceltnēm no visiem četriem Latvijas novadiem – Vidzeme, Latgale, Kurzeme un Zemgale. Šeit 87 ha platībā apskatāmi latviešu un citu Latvijā vēsturiski dzīvojošo tautu tradicionālās dzīves pieminekļi no 17. gs. līdz 20. gs. vidum.</text>
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                  <text>Virtual Ethnographic Open-Air Museum of Latvia / &#13;
Virtuālais Latvijas Etnogrāfiskais Brīvdabas Muzejs</text>
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                  <text>Photographs, description texts, and results of surveys and interviews with museum professionals and visitors obtained at the Ethnographic Open-Air Museum in Latvia. This virtual exhibition is provided in English and Latvian.&#13;
The decision about the establishment of Open-Air Museum was accepted in 1924, but its first exhibition - Vidzeme Fisherman's Homestead – was open to public in 1932. Today 118 folk architecture objects are exhibited in the territory of 87ha on the Coast of Jugla Lake in Rīga.&#13;
The museum collects documents and preserves the objects of folk building monuments of Latvian historical and ethnographical regions, along with evidence of the way of life and culture of the rural population, characteristic to the period from the 17th century until 30-ies of the 20th century.&#13;
The museum researches, exhibits as a whole and promotes the monuments of traditional life, as well as educates and informs the society about the cultural heritage, work and daily life traditions and aesthetics of folks who have lived in the territory of Latvia.&#13;
At the museum you can:&#13;
- find out and learn about the history and development of crafts, technologies and traditions;&#13;
- experience the joy of dancing, singing, playing music and games;&#13;
- have a good time and meaningful day with your children, family, relatives, friends and contemporaries;&#13;
- observe and try out the old craft and taste the traditional food;&#13;
relax and enjoy being in nature;&#13;
- visit the applied folk art fair during the first weekend of June.&#13;
&#13;
Fotogrāfijas, apraksti, un rezultāti no aptaujām un intervijām ar muzeja pārstāvjiem un apmeklētājiem, kuri tika apkopoti Etnogrāfiskajā Brīvdabas Muzejā Latvijā. Šī virtuālā ekspozīcija tiek piedāvāta Angļu un Latviešu valodās.&#13;
Lēmumu par Brīvdabas muzeja dibināšanu pieņēma 1924. gadā, bet 1932. gadā apmeklētājiem tika atvērta pirmā brīvdabas ekspozīcija Baltijā - Vidzemes sēta. Patlaban muzejs aizņem 87ha lielu platību priežu mežā Juglas ezera krastā. Uz muzeju pārvestas, uzstādītas un iekārtotas 118 senas celtnes no visiem vēsturiskajiem Latvijas novadiem – Kurzemes, Vidzemes, Zemgales un Latgales no 17. gadsimta beigām līdz 20. gadsimta 30. gadu otrajai pusei. &#13;
Muzejā izveidotas latviešu zemnieku, amatnieku un zvejnieku sētas. Visās apskatāma pastāvīgā ekspozīcija – sadzīves un darba priekšmeti, interjera iekārtojums, kas raksturo laika posmu, novadu un mājas saimnieku nodarbošanos. Apmeklētāji var iepazīties ar Kurzemē dzīvojošo lībiešu zvejnieku, Latgales krievu vecticībnieku saimniecībām. &#13;
Muzejā strādā amatnieki, svin latviešu gadskārtu ieražu svētkus, izstāžu zālē var skatīt tautas lietišķās mākslas studiju un muzeja krājuma materiālu izstādes.</text>
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                  <text>V.Hainovska</text>
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                <text>Main Entrance / Galvenā Ieeja</text>
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                <text>In the Ethnographic Open-Air museum of Latvia visitors have an opportunity to get acquainted with 118 objects of ancient dwelling from all four regions of Latvia – Vidzeme, Latgale, Kurzeme and Zemgale. Here it is possible to explore the traditional life style monuments of Latvians and other ethnic groups, which historically resided in Latvia, from the 17th century to the mid 20th century. All these are exhibited in the 87 ha area. &#13;
&#13;
Latvijas Etnogrāfiskajā Brīvdabas muzejā var iepazīties ar 118 senceltnēm no visiem četriem Latvijas novadiem – Vidzeme, Latgale, Kurzeme un Zemgale. Šeit 87 ha platībā apskatāmi latviešu un citu Latvijā vēsturiski dzīvojošo tautu tradicionālās dzīves pieminekļi no 17. gs. līdz 20. gs. vidum.</text>
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                  <text>A Virtual Exhibition of Medieval St Andrews &#13;
中世纪圣安德鲁斯的虚拟展示</text>
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                <text>Mercat Cross&#13;
麦卡特十字</text>
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                <text>Markets have been held in St Andrews since at least the late twelfth century. In the 1190s it was decided that St Andrews' market-place should be on "the land of Lambinus" - an open space roughly where the wide section of Market Street is today. As in other Scottish towns, the site of the market was denoted by a stone pillar known as the mercat (or market) cross. The mercat cross was an important meeting place for the residents of St Andrews and public announcements were often made there. On occasions, executions also took place here. The St Andrews mercat cross survived into the mid-seventeenth century, but seems to have been demolished at some stage before 1820. The location of the old mercat cross is indicated by an x-shape in the paving on the road.&#13;
&#13;
最晚在十二世纪，市场开始在圣安德鲁斯出现。在1190年代，人们决定圣安德鲁斯的市场应该在“Lambinus之地” —— 即一个开放的空间，大概是如今市场街的位置。和其他苏格兰城镇一样, 市场的位置是用石柱表示的，并且被称为市场十字。市场十字是一个圣安德鲁斯居民见面的重要场所并且公告通常也是在这里宣布的。有时, 行刑也发生在这里。圣安德鲁斯市场十字幸存到十七世纪中叶, 但似乎在1820年之前在某个阶段被拆除了。如今，人们在路上用一个“x”形的标记指出了以前的市场十字的位置。&#13;
&#13;
Audio 1 - Elizabeth Rhodes on the significance of the mercat cross&#13;
Audio 2 - Roger Mason on the life and death of Patrick Hamilton, Scotland's first martyr&#13;
&#13;
音频 1 - 伊丽莎白·罗兹讲述市场十字的意义&#13;
音频 2 - 罗杰·梅森讲述帕苏格兰的第一个烈士特里克·汉密尔顿的生平</text>
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                  <text>A Virtual Exhibition of Medieval St Andrews &#13;
中世纪圣安德鲁斯的虚拟展示</text>
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                <text>Mercat Port&#13;
市场门</text>
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                <text>The medieval city of St Andrews was much smaller than the modern settlement. In the late Middle Ages Market Street had housing only as far west as the current road junction with Greyfriars Gardens. An inlaid slab in the pavement nearby marks the site of the old Mercat Port - one of a number of gateways denoting the boundary between the city of St Andrews and the surrounding countryside. We are not sure when the Mercat Port was built. However, it was a well-established landmark by 1515 (when it was referred to in a property transaction). Early drawings of the Mercat Port show a plain stone archway, and it is probable that this gateway was a simpler structure than the surviving West Port on South Street. The Mercat Port was still standing in 1735, but it was demolished shortly afterwards.&#13;
&#13;
中世纪的圣安德鲁斯比现在的小得多。在中世纪晚期，市场街在最西边的住房是现在交叉路口的方济会花园。附近的人行道上的镶嵌板标志着老的市场的门 —— 这个门是圣安德鲁斯和周围的乡村的界限之一。我们不确定市场的门是什么时候建成的。然而, 在1515年，市场门已经是一个地标性建筑了(在一份产权交易中被提到)。早期的绘画显示市场门是一个普通石头拱门,这个门可能是一个比幸存的南街的西门更简单的建筑。市场门在1735年仍然存在, 但之后不久它就被拆毁了。&#13;
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Medieval Burgh of St Andrews </text>
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      <name>Sound</name>
      <description>A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>MerkatCross.mp3</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Mirror and Comb</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Another object commonly inscribed on Pictish stones is the mirror, often paired with a comb.&#13;
&#13;
The comb and mirror are thought to be symbols of female wealth and prestige, and may denote a woman’s memorial, although they are also heavily associated with mermaids.</text>
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        <name>Groam House</name>
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        <name>Pictish Symbols</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Motif and Z-rod</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This symbol is known as the rectangular Motif and Z-Rod, again, this Pictish symbol is of unknown meaning.  &#13;
&#13;
Also sometimes a square shaped motif with Z-rod symbol is represented. &#13;
&#13;
It is thought that the rectangle in the centre of the lower half of these shapes, may represent a doorway.</text>
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        <name>Groam House</name>
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        <name>Pictish Symbols</name>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Motif with Triple Disc</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="844">
                <text>The triple disc is a Pictish symbol of unknown meaning, that is found on Class I and Class II Pictish stones.&#13;
&#13;
The symbol is found in various combinations with other symbols, notably with the crescent and v-rod. The symbol is constructed from a larger central circle flanked with two smaller circles on either side. It is sometimes shown with a "bar" bisecting all three circles.</text>
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    <tagContainer>
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        <name>Groam House</name>
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      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Pictish Symbols</name>
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  <item itemId="663" public="1" featured="0">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1219">
                  <text>A Virtual Exhibition of Medieval St Andrews &#13;
中世纪圣安德鲁斯的虚拟展示</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1220">
                  <text>Text description, images, audios, videos and location information of historical sites in St Andrews. The descriptions are written in English and Chinese. &#13;
这是一个圣安德鲁斯历史遗迹的集合，包含了历史遗迹的文本信息，位置信息，图片，音频以及视频，文本信息包含中英文双语。</text>
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            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                  <text>English/中文</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Jun 4, 2015</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Narrow Mercat Gait&#13;
窄市场街</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1246">
                <text>The eastern end of Market Street is much narrower than the rest of the street. During the late Middle Ages this area was called the Narrow Mercat Gait. It is thought that the Narrow Mercat Gait was originally an alleyway running between the properties on North Street and South Street (hence its restricted width). By the late fifteenth century the Narrow Mercat Gait had become a street in its own right, and there were houses facing on to the former alleyway. However, these homes seem to have been less grand than those on North and South Street. Even today the buildings on the Narrow Mercat Gait are relatively modest.&#13;
&#13;
市场街的东端比较窄。在中世纪后期该地区被称为窄市场街。人们认为窄市场街最初是南大街和北大街之间的小巷 (因此比较窄)。到十五世纪晚期， 窄市场街本身成为街道, 还有房子面对着之前的小巷。然而,这些房屋似乎比南北大街上的房子小。即使在今天，窄市场街的房子也是是相对较小的。</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2015/6/7</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1481">
                <text>English/中文</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
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