Walter Bower's Scotichronicon
subject: References to St Andrews within the Scotichronicon
description: The Scotichronicon is a chronicle written by Walter Bower, abbot of Inchcolm, in the 1440s. It traces the history of Scotland from its origins, and is a major source for the study of medieval Scotland. All sixteen books were edited from the surviving manuscripts and translated into English from Latin between 1989 and 1998. References to St Andrews have been extracted from these volumes.
creator: D.E.R. Watt (general editor) (Aberdeen, 1989-98). Further information can be gained from the entry in the St Andrews University library catalogue: http://library.st-andrews.ac.uk/search/Y?search=scotichronicon
source: Walter Bower’s Scotichronicon Volume 1, Book II Ch. 58, p. 311: The translation of the relics of St Andrew etc. About the same time [the year 360] the emperor Constantius the son of Constantine the Great in the twentieth year of his reign, motivated by enthusiasm for the Christian religion and inspired by a special devotion which he had conceived long before in his heart for the blessed apostle Andrew, longed to do something gas final proof of his devotion. He went to the city of Patras in the district of Achaia where the apostle was martyred and buried, and from there he stealthily removed by main force the saint’s relics, translated them to Constantinople on 9 May and amid great rejoicing and to the accompaniment of hymns and chants placed them in golden and silver reliquaries with great honour. Achaia is one of the seven provinces of Greece, and almost an island, for it is surrounded by sea on all sides except for the north side, where it adjoins Macedonia. Therefore when Christ had entrusted the world to his apostles and disciples to be steeped in the catholic faith by their preaching, he allotted to Andrew the area around the Caspian sea, Scythia, Macedonia and Achaia, and also, as some would have it, Scotland. Since, as was previously described, the Picts derived their origins from Scythia, Andrew wished even after his death to convert those whom he was not able to convert while he was alive. This Andrew was the apostle of the Lord, the brother of Simon Peter, older than Peter by birth and first to be called, but second in rank or at least third, Galilean by nationality, born in the city of Bethsaida, gentlest of all the disciples. He excelled almost everyone in justice, piety and sanctity. He was dark-complexioned, handsome of appearance, of medium height, with a luxuriant beard. The translation of certain of his bones from Patras to Scotland was as follows. It happened that by divine will on the third night before the emperor entered the city, the angel of t…
publisher: Aberdeen University Press

George Bain Drawing - Part of Inscription on Newton Stone, Aberdeen-shire.
subject: The Newton Stone is a pillar stone, found in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. The stone contains two inscriptions, one, written in Ogham, but the second script has never been positively identified and many different decipherments or theories have been proposed since the 1860s. The Newton Stone contains two inscriptions. The first is an Ogham script possibly containing personal names, while the second has never been identified and became known from the early 19th century as the "unknown script". The Ogham script is engraved down the left-hand side of the stone and runs across part of its face. There are two rows of Ogham, a long and a short row. Across the top third of the stone, roughly central, is the unidentified script which contains 6 lines comprising 48 characters and symbols, including a swastika. The second script may have been added to the stone as recent as the late 18th or beginning of the 19th century.
description: Newton Stone.
creator: Drawing by George Bain.

George Bain Drawing - Rossie Priory Stone.
subject: Class II symbol stone. One of the most impressive Early Christian monuments of south-east Perth, this cross-slab is in the former church of Rossie, which is now the mausoleum of the Kinnaird family. Decorated in relief on both faces, it measures 1.67m in height, 1.16m in width at the base and up to 0.3m in thickness. The front is decorated with a cross in high relief, lacking the left arm; the cross is ringed and has rounded hollow armpits and a central roundel of interlace. The top arm and shaft are decorated with panels of interlace, while the surviving arm bears key pattern. The panels on either side of the head contain, on the left, a beast with a human head and curling tail; on the other side, a beaked figure holding an axe with both hands attacks a claw-footed bird. On the left side of the shaft are carved a beast with its tail curled over its back; a naked man under attack from a beast and a fish-tailed monster; and a pair of confronted beasts, each swallowing a bird. On the right-hand side of the shaft there is a beast swallowing a serpent; below this there is an animal with a bovine head and large eyes. At the bottom of the slab there is a pair of monsters with human heads, the fins of a fish and beast-headed tails, bodies intertwined, facing in opposite directions, one astride the other; their beards and flowing hair are very clearly shown. On the back of the slab, a second cross, set within an interlaced border, is the dominant feature. There is an animal head just below the left arm of the cross where the interlace begins, with the pattern ending in a fish-like tail below the right arm. The almost equal-armed cross has rounded hollow armpits and a central roundel of key pattern and interlace decoration in the arms, which merges into that of the border. The short shaft and its stepped base are outlined by beading and contain figural decoration: three horsemen ranged vertically form a hunting scene with two further horsemen and a pair of hunting dogs on th…
creator: Drawing by George Bain.

George Bain Drawing - Animals.
subject: From the Book of Kells. The probable layout of the circles used by the scribe. The Book of Kells equivalent of "And the Lion shall lie down with the lamb."
description: Actual size in The Book of Kells 2 inches.
creator: Drawn by George Bain

Statutes of the Scottish Church, 1225-1559
subject: Selected references within the statutes to the church in medieval St Andrews
description: The book is a translation of Concilia Scotiae: Ecclesiae Scoticanae Statutae tam Provincialia Quam Synodalia Quae Supersunt.
creator: Edited and Translated by David Patrick, LLD
source: [General or Provincial Statutes of the 13th Century] How the Conservator should be chosen And we ordain firstly that every year the duty of preaching be laid on one of the bishops one after the other, to be performed at the next council by himself or by another to be proposed by him, beginning with the bishop of St Andrews; and that by choice of the others one of the bishops be appointed conservator of the statutes of the council; who shall hold his office from council to council and shall punish open and notorious offenders against the council or the transgressors of any decree passed at it, and shall effectually compel them to make due satisfaction by ecclesiastical censure as law demands. [Constitutions of David, Bishop of St Andrews, 1242] To the office of pastor it pertains, as concerns the state of the churches entrusted to him and the instruction of those under his charge, to take vigilant care that when called to given an account of the flock committed to him he may be able to give the Lord interest on his talent. Therefore it is that of the rules that have been made by the ancient fathers we recall some to mind at present, adding other anew, lest (which God forbid!) we should appear to treat our office lightly. That churchyard be enclosed As to the state of the churches, we decree that in the first place it be seen to that churchyards be suitably enclosed all the way round, so that no access be open to brutish and unclean beasts; for sacred places should be kept clean, and such as have been duly consecrated to God by bishops. Of the enclosing of churchyards and the repairing and adorning of churches We decree further that round about, as far as the chancels extend, churchyards be enclosed by the rectors, the remaining portion by the parishioners, unless the custom prevails that the whole of the churchyard be enclosed by the parishioners. Item that the churches be roofed, that the walls be unbroken and not ruinous, the windows of glass and unbroken – those r…
publisher: Scottish History Society, (Edinburgh, 1907)

George Bain Drawing from Book of Kells.
subject: Book of Kells.
description: Drawing.
creator: George Bain.

George Bain Drawing from Book of Kells 2
subject: Book of Kells.
description: Drawing.
creator: George Bain.

George Bain Drawing from Book of Kells 3
subject: Book of Kells.
description: Drawing.
creator: George Bain.

George Bain Drawing from Book of Kells 4
subject: Book of Kells.
description: Drawing.
creator: George Bain.

George Bain Drawing from Book of Kells 5
subject: Book of Kells.
description: Drawing.
creator: George Bain.