Early Records of the University of St Andrews
subject: The graduation roll and the matriculation roll of the medieval University, from 1413.
description: Taken from J. M. Anderson (ed.) Early records of the University of St. Andrews (Edinburgh, Scottish History Society, 1926) http://library.st-andrews.ac.uk/search~S5?/Yearly+records+of+the+university&searchscope=5&SORT=DZ/Yearly+records+of+the+university&searchscope=5&SORT=DZ&extended=0&SUBKEY=early+records+of+the+university/1%2C217%2C217%2CB/frameset&FF=Yearly+records+of+the+university&searchscope=5&SORT=DZ&2%2C2%2C
source: Graduation Roll 1413 Oaths of the Bachelors I swear that I shall be obedient to the faculty of arts and to the dean thereof in things lawful and proper: Also that I shall observe and cause to be observed the statutes and privileges of the faculty of arts, and shall defend them so far as I am able in whatever position I may attain to: Likewise I shall keep the secrets of the said faculty, nor shall I reveal them to any one to whom they ought not to be revealed. Names of the Bachelors this year In the first William Yhalulok, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise lord Stephen [Kerr], who paid 2 s this week. Likewise Thomas Graham, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise Thomas Livingston, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise Angus de Levynnochis, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise John Homyll, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise Andrew Maklauch, who paid 2 s this week. Although a determinant at Oxford he was nevertheless generously admitted by the faculty. Likewise lord Robert Fabri, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise John Henry, who paid nothing. Likewise Alexander Methven, who paid nothing. Nevertheless, those two offered surety, the first by a sworn declaration, the second by a sponsor, that if they should come into easier circumstances they would satisfy the faculty like the others preceding. Likewise lord Robert de Tynnyngame. Although made a bachelor at Oxford he was nevertheless admitted by the faculty. He contributed 5 s 6 d. 1414 Names of the Bachelors in the year of our Lord fourteen hundred and fourteen. In the first Alan Fudes, who paid 20 d this week. Lord Richard de Eddislav, who paid 2 s this week. John Winton, who paid 22 d this week. Thomas Ramsay, who paid 22 d this week William White, who paid 22 d this week. Henry Malwyne, who paid 22 d this week. Thomas Edname, who paid 22 d this week. Thomas Tulloch, who paid 2 s this week. Moricius John, who paid 22 d this week. William Lyell, who paid 19 d this week. Richard Spalding, who paid 20 d this week. Lord John Thom, who paid …

Documents relating to the town of St Andrews
subject: Miscellaneous documents which relate to the medieval town.
source: Charter of David II Know that whereas the former reverend fathers in Christ of honoured memory, the bishops of St Andrews, have in times past have had in times past the great customs of their own goods and those of the men of the city of St Andrews and have been in full possession thereof hitherto, we, not desiring to lessen the liberty and possessions of the said bishops but rather more fully to increase the same, and considering the various works and heavy expenses incurred and laid out, as effectively and faithfully, by the reverend father in Christ William Laundelis by the grace of God now bishop of St Andrews in sundry ways for the benefit of us and the common weal (res publica), we have approved, ratified and for ever confirmed to him and to his successors the said customs in form, possession and effect, as the same have been used and enjoyed hitherto; and of new for us and our heirs, of certain knowledge and deliberate counsel have bestowed upon and given to him the said custom for the term of his life in … the form underwritten, that is to say, that his citizens of St Andrews shall be free to buy wool, skins and woolly hides wherever they wish, as well in the burgh of Cupar as within other parts of Fife and Fothryff and elsewhere, being within the lands of the said bishop, and that they shall not be compelled to pay the great custom arising therefrom save to the bishops and his officer …; notwithstanding our grants made to any persons or places, for it was not our intention that, on account of such concessions, the liberties and privileges of the said father in Christ and the citizens should anywise suffer; and that the said bishop and his successors may freely possess the great custom of all goods owing to their burgh of St Andrews coming from the port thereof, or being borne to their port of Edyn, together with the escheat of wool, hides and woolly hides if found in these parts not paying customs; and that the cocket of the said burgh of St Andrews shall b…

The Burgh Laws
subject: The Leges Burgorum, translated by Ann Matheson (2011)
source: i. Concerning the King’s rents in burgh tenures In the first, it must be considered what the rent of our lord the king in burgh tenure is. Each man gives the king for his burgh tenure that he defends, for each square perch of land (c 25 metres square) annually. ii. Concerning newly created burgesses Whoever is made a new burgess of our lord the king in the first shall swear loyalty to the king and to his baillies and to the community in which he has been made a burgess. iii. Concerning taking strangers(upland men) into custody in the burgh Any burgess can take into custody strangers (upland men) from beyond the market and outwith his home and without permission of the burgh grieve, but not if the market fairs are held in the burgh and not if he is in the king’s army or indeed engaged in the custody of the castle. iv. Poinding a burgess through another burgess A burgess cannot poind another burgess without the permission of the burgh grieve. v. Concerning things loaned by a burgess to a stranger (upland man) If a burgess has loaned to men from outside the burgh, if the debtor concedes the debt, he shall yield it and if he negates the debt he shall do the right thing (before the lawholders of the burgh) vi. Concerning complaints in the burgh Cases that arise in the burgh shall be held and determined except those that are under the king’s crown. And all quarrels that take place within the burgh must be ended within the burgh, except those that are under the king’s crown. Those that belong under the king’s crown must be registered and kept safe until the arrival of the Justice and then they shall be pleaded against and resolved in the burgess court before the Justice. vii. Concerning complaints outwith the burgh If a burgess is called concerning any complaint he shall not plead outside the burgh unless it is in default of court nor must he respond without a day or term specified unless he has earlier made a foolish response, with the exception of cases that fall to the …
publisher: The Burgh Laws can be found, along with other material, in: R. Renwick (ed.), The Ancient Laws and Customs of the Burghs of Scotland (Edinburgh : Scottish Burgh Records Society, 1868-1910). http://library.st-andrews.ac.uk/search/Y?search=ancient+laws+and+customs+of+the+burghs+of+scotland

The St Andrews Foundation Legends
source: The St Andrews Foundation Legend A Translated by Professor Dauvit Broun Andrew, which according to Hebrew etymology is translated ‘beautiful’ or ‘responding’, is nonetheless translated ‘manly’, from ‘man’ in the Greek language. Brother of the blessed apostle Peter as far as the flesh is concerned, but his co-heir in grace; the first apostle chosen by Our Lord Jesus Christ according to John the Evangelist, but second according to Matthew and Mark; he received by lot as his mission the northern nations, that is the Scythians and Picts, finally the Achaians and the city called Patras where, furthermore, he was crucified on November 30th; and he was interred there. And there his bones were kept for a period of about 273 years until the time of Constantine the Great son of Helen and his sons, that is Constantius and Constantine with Constans. In their reign they were taken up and translated out of there in a marvellous and famous procession by the citizens of Constantinople, and re-interred there at Constantinople with great glory and the greatest honour; and they remained there throughout until the time of the Christian emperor Theodosiusthat is to say, for a period of 110 years. At that timenot by chance but by divine instigationa king of the Picts called Ungus son of Urguist, rising up with a great army, killing with the cruellest devastation the British nations living in the south part of this island, finally reached the plain of Mercia and wintered there. Then all the peoples of nearly the whole island, coming with a united force, surrounded him, intending to destroy him and his army completely. Next day, the aforementioned king went out for a walk with his seven most intimate companions, and a divine light shone around them, and they fell forward onto their faces, unable to bear it (the light). And lo, a voice was heard from heaven: ‘Ungus, Ungus, hear me, an apostle of Christ, Andrew by name, who am sent to defend and protect you. Get up, behold the image of th…

The Bishops of Medieval St Andrews
subject: Sources relating to the medieval bishops of St Andrews
source: Letter of Pope Boniface VIII to William Comyn (1298) [Stevenson, Documents Illustrative of the History of Scotland, ii, 280-1] Boniface … to the dear son William Comyn our chaplain, provost of the church of Saint Mary in the city of St Andrews Your petition shown to us stated that recently the church of St Andrews being vacant by reason of the death of William bishop of St Andrews and a day being set for the election of the next bishop, you, asserting that it was owed to you by reason of your provostship of the church of Saint Mary to have an interest in this election, sought to be admitted to the performance of this election. And because the chapter of the same church of St Andrews, in contempt of you, proceeding to the same election, elected our dear son master William de Lamberton chancellor of the church of Glasgow to the bishopric, you, appealing because of this to the apostolic see, finally after many disputes here and there at the said see, you, led greatly by our approach, agreed to renounce your appeal freely, so that the said church of St Andrews may not be subjected to misfortune for a long time by reason of its bereavement, saving the right which belongs to you and your successors as provosts of the same church of St Mary’s and to the church of St Mary’s itself, or which may then belong to them in the time of the election of a bishop of St Andrews to be conducted hereafter. Because, we, to whom the care of all churches belongs in general, must therefore aid the same church of St Andrews, but we do not oppose the church of St Mary’s, even being inclined to your claim we wish and by the tenor of these present letters decree that, by the renunciation of these rights (as above) we do not prejudge them, indeed on the contrary you and your aforesaid successors may freely pursue and possess this right in seeking or in possessing as if the same had not be renounced. Given at Rome, at Saint Peter’s, 7th May 1298 Letters of Pope Boniface VIII confirming the electi…

Primary sources held within Special Collections at St Andrews University Library
subject: Collated bibliographic information and catalogue entries for primary source material relating to St Andrews before 1500.
description: All catalogue entries can be found on the University of St Andrews Library Special Collections website: http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/library/specialcollections/collections/archives/
relation: Treasures of St Andrews University Library http://www.st-andrewslibrarytreasures.com/ This volume presents 50 selected items from across the collections, each accompanied by a short explanatory essay by an expert in the field. It also features an introductory essay outlining the history of St Andrews University Library from its beginnings in a few mediaeval cathedral book presses to the modern hub of learning within an institution of international academic reputation.

Further Reading on the Church in Medieval St Andrews
subject: A select bibliography of the current research on the medieval University of St Andrews.
description: This resource will be updated at regular intervals, and is available as a word document at the bottom of this page.
source: Anderson, M. O., ‘The Celtic Church in Kinrimund’, in D. McRoberts (ed.), The medieval Church of St Andrews (Glasgow 1976), 1-10 (reprinted from Innes Review 25, 67-76). Ash, M., and D. Broun, ‘The Adoption of St Andrew as patron Saint of Scotland’, in J. Higgitt (ed.), Medieval Art and Architecture in the Diocese of St Andrews (London 1986), 16-24. Ash, Marinell, ‘David Bernham, Bishop of St. Andrews, 1239-53’, Innes Review, 25 (1974), 3-14. Ash, Marinell, ‘The Administration of the Diocese of St Andrews, 1202-1328’, Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1972) [Available on EThOS] Ash, Marinell, ‘The diocese of St. Andrews under its 'Norman' bishops’, Scottish Historical Review, 55 (1976), 105-26. Ash, Marinell, ‘William Lamberton, bishop of St. Andrews, 1297-1328’ in G.W.S. Barrow, The Scottish tradition (Edinburgh, 1974), 44-55. Barrel, A., Medieval Scotland, (Cambridge, 2000), especially chapter 3. Barrow, G. W. S., The Kingdom of the Scots (Edinburgh 1973 2nd edn. 2003), especially Chapter 8 on the Clergy at St Andrews. Barrow, G.W.S., ‘The Cathedral Chapter of St. Andrews and the Culdees in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 3 (1952), 23-39. Barrow, G.W.S., ‘The Medieval Diocese of St Andrews’, in Higgitt, J., (ed.), Medieval art and architecture in the diocese of St Andrews (London, 1994), 1-6. Blick, Sarah and Rita Tekippe (eds), Art and Architecutre of Late Medieval Pilgrimage in Northern Europe and the British Isles (Leiden, 2004). 2 vols. Boardman, S. and Eila Williamson (eds), The Cult of Saints and the Virgin Mary in Medieval Scotland (Woodbridge, 2010) Bonner, E., ‘The recovery of St Andrews castle in 1547: French Naval Policy and Diplomacy in the British Isles’, English Historical Review, 111 (1996), 578-98. Broun, D., ‘The Church and the beginning of Scottish Independence’, chapter 4 of Scottish Independence and the idea of Britain: from the Picts to Alexander III (Edinburgh, 2007), 101-123.…

Further Reading on the Town of Medieval St Andrews
subject: A select bibliography of the current research relating to the medieval town of St Andrews.
description: This resource will be updated at regular intervals, and is available as a word document at the bottom of this page.
source: Anderson, M. O., ‘St Andrews before Alexander I’, in G. W. S. Barrow (ed.), The Scottish Tradition (Edinburgh 1974), 1-13. Bonner, E., ‘The recovery of St Andrews castle in 1547: French Naval Policy and Diplomacy in the British Isles’, English Historical Review, 111 (1996), 578-98. Brookes, N. P. and G. Whittington, ‘Planning and Growth in the Medieval Scottish Burgh: the example of St Andrews’, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 2 (1977), 278-95. Brooks N. P, and G, Whittington, ‘Planning and Growth in the Medieval Scottish burgh’, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers new series vol 2 (1977), 278-295. Available via J-Stor. Cambridge, Eric, ‘The early Building-History of St Andrews Cathedral, Fife, and its context in Northern Transitional Architecture’, Antiquaries Journal, 57 (1978), 277-88. Campbell, I., 'Planning for Pilgrims: St Andrews as the Second Rome', Innes Review, vol. 64 (May, 2013), pp. 1-22. Cant, R.G., St Andrews: The Preservation Trust Guide and Handbook (St Andrews, 1982). Cant, Ronald Gordon, ‘The building of St. Andrews cathedral’, Innes Review, 25 (1974), 77-94. Cant, Ronald, ‘Burgh planning and early domestic architecture : the example of St Andrews (c.1130-1730)’, in Deborah Mays (ed.), The architecture of Scottish cities : essays in honour of David Walker (East Linton, 1997), 1-12. Cant, Ronald, The Parish Church of the Holy Trinity, St. Andrews : a short account of its history and architecture (St Andrews, 1992) Carstairs, A.M., ‘The Convener’s Court Book of the Seven Incorporated Trades in St. Andrews’, The Scottish Historical Review (April 1955). Coleman, R.J., ‘Burgage Plots of Medieval Perth: the evidence from excavations at Canal Street’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 126 (1996), 689-732 Cox, Adrian, ‘Backland activities in medieval Perth: the evidence from excavations at Meal Vennel and Scott Street’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 126 (1996), 733-822 Den…

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